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Are Varicose Veins Dangerous? What You Need to Know

Varicose Veins

Varicose veins, those elevated, twisted vessels that often emerge on our legs, are commonly dismissed as nothing more than a cosmetic concern—a superficial condition that affects appearance rather than health. However, this perception overlooks the deeper significance and potential risks associated with untreated varicose veins and their root cause. As Dr. David Verebelyi of Colorado Skin & Vein notes, “Varicose veins are not just unsightly. Their root cause is the single most common reason patients get superficial blood clots.  Untreated varicose veins can lead to several other complications that range from poor sleep due to Restless Leg Syndrome to venous leg ulcers.”

Below we’ll delve into what causes varicose veins, the potential risks of leaving them unaddressed, and when it’s time to seek medical attention. Rest assured that with today’s minimally-invasive treatments, you don’t have to suffer the pain or embarrassment of varicose veins any longer. By understanding what causes these veins to form, the symptoms to watch for, and the innovative treatments available, you can take control of your treatment approach.  With this knowledge, you will be able to take proactive steps towards reducing medical risk, maintaining not just the beauty of your legs, and ensuring their optimal functionality. Whether you’re seeking to alleviate discomfort or prevent future complications, it’s essential to recognize the significance of varicose veins beyond their impact on appearance

Understanding Varicose Veins

According to the Society for Vascular Surgery, varicose veins affect up to 35% of Americans.

Varicose veins occur when the one-way valves inside the veins stop working properly. These valves are responsible for keeping blood flowing towards the heart. When they malfunction, blood can pool in the veins, causing them to stretch, twist, and become visible under the skin.

As Dr. Verebelyi explains, “Over time, the increased pressure from the pooling blood weakens the vein walls and damages the valves further. This creates a vicious cycle, making the varicose veins gradually worse. More concerning is that the blood that is not moving normally around the valve becomes the place where clots can form.”

Common symptoms of varicose veins include:

  • Enlarged, elevated veins that get worse over time
  • Achy, heavy, or tired sensations in the legs
  • Leg Swelling, especially in the ankles and feet
  • Itching, burning or irritated skin around the veins
  • Calf or foot muscle cramps, particularly at night

Certain factors can increase your likelihood of developing varicose veins:

  • Family history: Genetics play a significant role
  • Age: Risk increases as you get older
  • Gender: Women are more prone due to hormonal changes
  • Pregnancy: Increased blood volume and pressure on the veins from the fetus can accelerate vein deterioration
  • Obesity: Extra weight puts added pressure on veins
  • Prolonged sitting or standing: When the calf muscle is inactive more pressure is put on the valves

If you have any of these risk factors and are experiencing symptoms, it’s important to monitor your vein health closely.

 

Potential Dangers of Untreated Varicose Veins

While varicose veins may seem like a minor nuisance, they can lead to uncomfortable and serious complications if ignored. As the disease progresses, you may experience:

Worsening Pain and Swelling: Without treatment, varicose veins will become increasingly painful over time. The legs will get more achy or heavy, and swelling can make physical activity difficult.  Nighttime cramping becomes more common and Restless Leg Syndrome becomes more severe. Other more serious concerns include:

  • Blood Clots: Sluggish blood flow in varicose veins increases the risk of superficial blood clots. These clots can be very painful and take several months to resolve.  More concerning is the potential for deep vein thrombosis (DVT), where a blood clot forms in the deeper veins. If this clot breaks loose and travels to the lungs, it can cause a potentially fatal pulmonary embolism.
  • Skin Changes: These leaky valves cause a condition called chronic venous insufficiency.  Chronic venous insufficiency will eventually cause the skin around the ankles to become discolored, thick, and leathery. Scratching or injuring this delicate tissue can result in hard-to-heal wounds called venous ulcers.
  • Bleeding: The skin over varicose veins often becomes very thin. Even a minor bump or scrape can cause a varicose vein to burst and bleed profusely. While the bleeding itself is usually not dangerous, it can be difficult to stop without medical attention.

“Many people don’t realize that varicose veins are a progressive condition,” cautions Dr. Verebelyi. “What starts as a few ropy veins can gradually evolve into significant pain, swelling, and even blood clots or skin ulceration if not addressed. That’s why it’s crucial to get evaluated by a vein specialist at the first sign of symptoms – early treatment is key to preventing complications down the road. It is amazing to me that many of these patients are still being told by some providers that this is a cosmetic issue.”  

Aside from the physical impact, living with unsightly varicose veins can take a toll on self-esteem. Many people with the condition feel self-conscious wearing shorts or swimsuits, and the discomfort may keep them from engaging in activities they enjoy. Treating varicose veins can restore both your comfort and confidence.

 

When to Seek Treatment for Varicose Veins

If you’re experiencing any symptoms of varicose veins, it’s important to schedule an evaluation with a vascular specialist. Dr. Verebelyi advises, “Even if your varicose veins aren’t causing significant discomfort, they are always a sign that something is off with the veins in those areas. It needs to be checked out so either proper preventative strategies can be put in place or proper medical intervention.  A vein doctor (call a Phlebologist) expert can determine the extent of the problem and recommend a treatment plan tailored to your needs.”

You should definitely see a doctor if you notice:

  • Varicose veins that have continued to worsen over time, especially over the thighs or insides of the legs.
  • Swelling in your legs or ankles
  • Skin discoloration or texture changes around your varicose veins
  • A rash or itching in the affected area
  • A painful cord in a leg vein, which could indicate a blood clot
  • A varicose vein that has ruptured and is bleeding

During your consultation, your provider will examine your legs and should perform an ultrasound exam to determine the cause.  Your provider should discuss your symptoms, medical history, and specifically assess your vein function. Based on their findings, they may recommend lifestyle changes, compression stockings, or a minimally-invasive procedure to eliminate the faulty veins.

At Colorado Skin & Vein, treatment options include:

  • Sclerotherapy: Injecting a solution to seal off damaged veins
  • Endovenous Radio Frequency Ablation (EVRF): Using RF energy to close problem veins
  • Endovenous Laser Ablation (EVLA): Using laser energy to close problem veins
  • VenaSeal: Applying medical adhesive to shut faulty veins
  • Microphlebectomy: Removing superficial, bulging veins through tiny incisions

“With today’s advanced treatments, there’s no need to suffer from varicose veins,” says Dr. Verebelyi. “Most procedures can be performed in-office with little to nodowntime, allowing patients to get back to enjoying healthy, pain-free legs quickly.”

Preventing Varicose Veins

While you can’t change risk factors like age and genetics, there are steps you can take to lower your chances of developing varicose veins or to keep existing ones from getting worse:

Maintain a healthy weight. Being overweight puts extra pressure on your veins. Shedding excess pounds can improve circulation and reduce your risk.

Exercise regularly. Contracting your calf muscles helps push the blood back to your heart, preventing pooling in your veins. Aim for at least 30 minutes of moderate activity most days.

Avoid prolonged sitting or standing. If you must sit or stand for long stretches, take breaks to move around and flex your calf muscles. This keeps blood from stagnating in your lower legs.

Elevate your legs. The same way gravity can put pressure on the valves when you vertical can be used to help drain swelling.  When resting or sleeping, prop your feet up above heart level to promote blood flow back to your heart.

Wear compression stockings. These specially designed stockings apply gentle pressure to your legs to aid blood flow. They’re especially helpful for those who are pregnant or who sit or stand a lot.

There is no current evidence that crossing your legs or wearing high heels has any significant effect on the progression of vein problems.

“Adopting these healthy habits can go a long way in keeping your veins functioning properly,” notes Dr. Verebelyi. “However, if you do notice signs of varicose veins, get them evaluated. With prompt care, you can safeguard your vein health for years to come.”

Banishing Varicose Veins for Comfort & Health

Varicose veins may be unsightly and uncomfortable, but they don’t have to be inevitable. By understanding the risks of leaving them untreated and taking proactive steps to manage your vein health, you can avoid potentially serious complications. If you are concerned about varicose veins, schedule a consultation with a trusted vein specialist like those at Colorado Skin & Vein. With their 20 years of experience and expertise in the latest minimally-invasive treatments, they can help you achieve healthier, better-looking legs with confidence.

Don’t let varicose veins slow you down. Seek treatment today and get back to enjoying the activities you love without pain or self-consciousness. Your legs will thank you!

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